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Foreword I
As we are
walking into the 21st century, "health for all "is still an important task for
the World Health Organization (WHO) to accomplish in the new century. The
realization of "health for all "requires mutual cooperation and concerted
efforts of various medical sciences, including traditional medicine. WHO has
increasingly emphasized the development of traditional medicine and has made
fruitful efforts to promote its development. Currently the spectrum of diseases
is changing and an increasing number of diseases are difficult to cure. The side
effects of chemical drugs have become more and more evident. Furthermore, both
the governments and peoples in all countries are faced with the problem of high
cost of medical treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). the complete
system of traditional medicine in the world with unique their and excellent
clinical curative effects, basically meets the need to solve such problems.
Therefore, bringing TCM into full play in medical treatment and h ealthcare
will certainly become one of the hot points in the world medical business in the
21st century.
Various
aspects of work need to be done to promote the course of the
internationalization of TCM, especially the compilation of works and textbooks
suitable for international readers. The impending new century has witnessed the
compilation of such a series of books known as A Newly Compiled Practical
English-Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine published by the
Publishing House of Shanghai University of TCM, compiled by Nanjing University
of TCM and translated by Shanghai University of TCM Professor Zuo Yanfu, the
general compiler-in-chief of this Library, is a person who sets his mind on the
international dissemination of TCM. He has compiled General Survey on TCM
Abroad, a monograph on the development and state of TCM abroad. This Library is
another important works written by the experts organized by him with the support
of Nanjing university of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM. The compilation of
this Library is done with consummate ingenuity and according to the development
of TCM abroad. The compilers, based on the premise of preserving the genuineness
and gist of TCM, have tried to make the contents concise, practical and easy to
understand, making great efforts to introduce the abstruse ideas of TCM in a
scientific and Simple way as well as expounding the prevention and treatment of
diseases which are commonly encountered abroad and can be effectively treated by
TCM.
This Library
encompasses a systematic summarization of the teaching experience accumulated in
Nanjing University of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM that run the
collaborating centers of traditional medicine and the international training
centers on acupuncture and moxibustion set by WHO. I am sure that the
publication of this Library will further promote the development of traditional
Chinese medicine abroad and enable the world to have a better understanding of
traditional Chinese medicine.
Professor Zhu
Qingsheng
vice-Minister
of health Ministry of the People's Republic of China
Director of
the State Administrative Bureau of TCM
December 14,
2000 Beijing
Foreword II
Before the
existence of the modern medicine, human beings depended solely on herbal
medicines and other therapeutic methods to treat diseases and preserve health.
Such a practice gave rise to the establishment of various kinds of traditional
medicine with unique theory and practice, such as traditional Chinese medicine,
Indian medicine and Arabian medicine, etc. Among these traditional systems of
medicine, traditional Chinese medicine is a most extraordinary one based on
which traditional Korean medicine and Japanese medicine have evolved.
Even in the
21st century, traditional medicine is still of great vitality. In spite of the
fast development of modern medicine, traditional medicine is still disseminated
far and wide. In many developing countries, most of the people in the rural
areas still depend on traditional medicine and traditional medical practitioners
to meet the need for primary healthcare. Even in the countries with advanced
modern medicine, more and more people have begun to accept traditional medicine
and other therapeutic methods, such as homeopathy, osteopathy and naturopathy ,
etc.
With the
change of the economy, culture and living style in various regions as well as
the aging in the world population, the disease spectrum has changed. And such a
change has paved the way for the new application of traditional medicine.
Besides, the new requirements initiated by the new diseases and the achievements
and limitations of modern medicine have also created challenges for traditional
medicine.
WHO sensed
the importance of traditional medicine to human health early in the 1970s and
have made great efforts to develop traditional medicine. At the 29th world
health congress held in 1976, the item of traditional medicine was adopted in
the working plan of WHO. In the following world health congresses, a series of
resolutions were passed to demand the member countries to develop, utilize and
study traditional medicine according to their specific conditions so as to
reduce medical expenses for the realization of "health for all".
WHO has laid
great stress on the scientific content, safe and effective application of
traditional medicine. It has published and distributed a series of booklets on
the scientific, safe and effective use of herbs and acupuncture and moxibustion.
It has also made great contributions to the international standardization of
traditional medical terms. The safe and effective application of traditional
medical practitioners. That is why WHO has made great efforts to train them. WHO
has run 27 collaborating centers in the world which have made great
contributions to the training of acupuncturists and traditional medical
practitioners. Nanjing University of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM run the
collaborating centers with WHO. In recent years it has, with the cooperation of
WHO and other countries, trained about ten thousand international students from
over 90 countries.
In order to
further promote the dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine in the world,
A Newly Compiled Practical English-Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, compiled by Nanjing University of TCM with professor Zuo Yanfu as the
general compiler-in-chief and published by the Publishing House of Shanghai
University of TCM, aims at systematic, accurate and concise expounding of
traditional Chinese medical theory and introducing clinical therapeutic methods
of traditional medicine according to modern medical nomenclature of diseases.
Undoubtedly, this series of books will be the practical textbooks for the
beginners with certain English level of Chinese to study traditional Chinese
medicine. Besides, this series of books can also serve as reference books for
WHO to internationally standardize the nomenclature of acupuncture and
moxibustion.
The
scientific, safe and effective use of traditional medicine will certainly
further promote the development of traditional medicine and traditional medicine
will undoubtedly make more and more contributions to human health in the 21st
century.
Zhang Xiaorui
WHO
Coordination Officer
December,
2000
Contents
1 The
Theoretical Basis of Life Cultivation and Rehabilitation of TCM
1.1 Purpose:
Health and longevity
1.1.1 The
integration of life with nature
1.1.2 Health
and longevity on harmony
1.1.3
Comprehensive physiological and psychic life cultivation and rehabilitation
1.2 Basis:
Life and life span
1.2.1 Life
1.2.2 Life
span and health
1.2.3 Ageing
1.2.4
Masters' experience in life cultivation and life prolongation in successive
dynasties
1.3 Concept:
Conforming to nature
1.3.1 Man's
relevant adaptation to nature
1.3.2 Unity
of physique and spirit
1.3.3
Interdependence of movement and motionlessness
1.3.4
Coordination and balance
1.3.5 Healthy
qi as the base
1.4
Principle: Wholism and syndrome differentiation
1.4.1
principle of wholism
1.4.2
Principle of syndrome differentiation
1.4.3
Principle of functions
2 Natural
Therapeutic Methods of Life Cultivation and Rehabilitation
2.1
Regulating emotions
2.1.1
Abstaining from anger
2.1.2 Giving
vent to depression
2.1.3
Straightening one out with the help of a friend
2.1.4
Diverting emotions
2.1.5 Sports
2.1.6
suggestion
2.1.7 Colors
2.1.8
Checking one emotion with another
2.2
Environments, daily life and clothing
2.2.1
Environments
2.2.2 Daily
life
2.2.3
Clothing
2.2.4
Defecation and urination
2.3 Life
cultivation and rehabilitation with the diet
2.3.1 The
effects of life cultivation with he diet
2.3.2
Principles of rehabilitation with the diet
2.3.3 The
commonly-used dietary prescriptions for life cultivation
2.3.4 Health
care with diet
2.4 Health
care methods in sexual life
2.4.1 Sexual
life and prolonging life
2.4.2
Measures for health care in sexual life
2.4.3 Taboos
on sexual life
2.5 Therapies
with sports
2.5.1 The
characteristics and applying principles of enhancing health with sports
activities in TCM
2.5.2
Examples of life cultivation and rehabilitation with classical sports activities
2.6 Therapies
with recreation
2.6.1 Musical
therapy
2.6.2 Singing
therapy
2.6.3 Dancing
therapy
2.6.4 Drama
therapy
2.6.5
Therapies with a musical instrument and chess, practicing paintings and
calligraphy
2.7 Life
cultivation and rehabilitation with loutrotherapy
2.7.1
Medicated bath
2.7.2 Mud
bath
2.7.3 Sand
bath
3 Techniques
of TCM Life Cultivation and Rehabilitation
3.1
Acupuncture therapy
3.1.1 Body
acupuncture
3.1.2 ear
acupuncture
3.1.3 Scalp
acupuncture
3.1.4
Moxibustion for health care
3.2 Massage
therapy
3.2.1 The
applying principles of massage
3.2.2
manipulations of self-massage and their application
3.3 Therapies
with traditional Chinese drugs
3.3.1
Therapies with oral medications
3.3.2 Life
cultivation and rehabilitation with external therapy
3.3.3 Drugs
and prescriptions for promoting longevity
3.4 Nursing
of TCM Rehabilitation
3.4.1 Nursing
with he concept of wholism
3.4.2
Differentiating syndrome to decide nursing
3.4.3
Comprehensive nursing
3.4.4 The
nursing methods of attaching equal importance to somatic and psychic health
4 Forbidden
Points for Life Cultivation and Rehabilitation
4.1
Abstinence from smoking and drinking
4.1.1 Smoking
is harmful to health
4.1.2
Drinking and health
4.2
Abstinence from food reference
4.3
Abstinence from overstrain
4.3.1
Abstinence from mental overstrain
4.3.2
Abstinence from physical overstrain
4.3.3
Abstinence from sexual overstrain
4.4
Abstinence from extreme emotional activities
5 Examples of
TCM Life cultivation in Accordance with Individual Differences
5.1
Constitutional cultivation
5.1.1
Constitution with yin deficiency
5.1.2
Constitution with yang deficiency
5.1.3
Constitution with qi deficiency
5.1.4
constitution with blood deficiency
5.1.5
Constitution with excessive yang
5.1.6
Constitution with blood stasis
5.1.7
Constitution with phlegm and dampness
5.1.8
Constitution with qi depression
5.2 Life
cultivation in the pregnant women
5.2.1
Prenatal conditioning
5.2.2
Regulating the diet
5.2.3 Living
a normal daily life
5.2.4 Proper
balance between work and rest
5.2.5
Abstinence from sexual life
5.2.6 Using
drugs with caution
5.3 health
care for children
5.3.1 Early
education
5.3.2
Reasonable diet
5.3.3 Rearing
the children carefully
5.3.4
Training physique
5.3.5
Developing good habits
5.3.6
Benefiting intelligence with traditional Chinese drugs
5.4 Health
care for women
5.4.1 Health
care during the menstrual period
5.4.2 Health
care during the puerperium
5.4.3 Health
care during the breast feeding period
5.4.4 Health
care during the climacterium
5.5 Health
care for old people
5.5.1
Establishing the psychological state of being optimistic, open-minded, kind and
enterprising
5.5.2 Taking
the nutritious, bland, well-cooked, soft and various diet
5.5.3 Sports
activities
5.5.4
Reasonable administration
5.6
Health care for mental workers
5.6.1
Scientific use of the brain
5.6.2
Protecting eyesight
5.6.3 Living
in a suitable environment
5.6.4
Tonifying the brain with drugs
5.6.5
Eyesight-protecting drugs and foods
5.6.6
Brain-tonifying and intelligence-benefiting drugs
5.6.7 Health
care with sports and massage
5.7 Health
care for physical workers
5.7.1 Moving
the limbs
5.7.2
Balancing the diet
5.7.3
Reasonable use of the brain
5.8 Life
cultivation for handicapped people
5.8.1 Health
care for visual disabilities
5.8.2 Health
care for hearing disabilities
5.8.3 Health
care for linguistic disabilities
5.8.4 Health
care for disabilities of limbs and the body
5.8.5 Health
care for intellectual disabilities
5.8.6 Health
care for mental disabilities
6 Examples of
TCM life Cultivation in Accordance with Seasonal Conditions
6.1 Life
cultivation in spring
6.1.1
Regulating the daily life
6.1.2
Regulating emotions
6.1.3
Regulating the diet
6.1.4
Physical training
6.2 Life
cultivation in summer
6.2.1
Regulating the daily life
6.2.2
Regulating emotions
6.2.3
Regulating the diet
6.2.4
Physical training
6.3 Life
cultivation in autumn
6.3.1
Regulating the daily life
6.3.2
Regulating emotions
6.3.3
Regulating the diet
6.3.4
Physical training
6.4 Life
cultivation in winter
6.4.1
Regulating the daily life
6.4.2
Regulating emotions
6.4.3
Regulating the diet
6.4.4
Physical training
7 Examples of
TCM Health care for specific Regions
7.1 Oral
health care
7.1.1
consolidating the teeth
7.1.2
Swallowing saliva
7.2 Facial
health care
7.2.1 Massage
and acumox
7.2.2 Diet
7.2.3 Drugs
7.3 Health
care of the hair
7.3.1 Combing
the hair and massaging the scalp
7.3.2 Diet
7.3.3 Drugs
7.4 Health
care of the eyes
7.4.1
Exercising the eyes
7.4.2 Massage
7.4.3 Sitting
in repose with the eyes closed
7.4.4 Diet
7.4.5 Drugs
7.5 Health
care of the ears
7.5.1 Massage
7.5.2
Avoiding the drug allergy
7.6 Health
care of the nose
7.6.1 Bathing
the nose
7.6.2 Massage
7.6.3 Drugs
7.7 Health
care of the extremities
7.7.1 Health
care of the upper limbs
7.7.2 Health
care of the lower limbs
7.8 health
care of the chest, back, waist and abdomen
7.8.1 health
care of the chest
7.8.2 Health
care of the back
7.8.3 Health
care of the waist
7.8.4 Health
care of the abdomen
8
Rehabilitation examples of commonly-Seen Diseases
8.1
Rehabilitation for sequelae
8.1.1 Low
fever
8.1.2 cough
8.1.3 Edema
8.1.4
Hypodynamia
8.1.5
Polyhidrosis
8.1.6
Insomnia
8.1.7
Anorexia
8.1.8
Palpitation due to fright
8.1.9
Constipation
8.1.10
Diarrhea
8.2
Rehabilitation for senile diseases
8.2.1
hypertension
8.2.2
Sequelae of apoplexy
8.2.3
Hypotension
8.2.4
Coronary heart disease
8.2.5 Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease
8.2.6
Diabetes
8.2.7 Senile
dementia
8.2.8 Senile
pruritus
8.3
Rehabilitation for malignant tumor
8.3.1 Cancer
of digestive tract
8.3.2
Pulmonary carcinoma
8.3.3
Cerebroma
8.3.4 Mammary
cancer
8.4
Rehabilitation for commonly-seen internal disease
8.4.1 Chronic
nephritis
8.4.2 Chronic
hepatitis and cirrhosis
8.4.3
Gastroptosis
8.4.4
Pulmonary tuberculosis
8.4.5
posthemorrhagic syndromes
Postscript
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